Background: BNP and adipondectin was important biochemical marker for cardiac health in general population. But both markers are affected by the body fat composition. Therefore we evaluated the impact of body fat composition on circulating of NT-pro BNP and adiponectin as well as the relationships between the plasma levels of two markers. Method: We included 3508 adult subjects (age; 40-69, 1,437 men and 2,071 women) of a prospective community-based cohort from the Korea Rural Genomic Cohort Study. Measurements of NT-proBNP, adiponectin and body composition by direct dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) were performed. We excluded the patients with coronary artery disease, LVH, heart failure, diabetes and renal insufficiency for affecting in biomarker levels. Results: The characteristics of cohort are described as below; males: 41.2%, mean age: 54.8짹8.4 years Mean NT-proBNP level was mean 60.1짹 42.1 Also, Mean adiponectin level in women (12.11µg/mL) was significantly higher than in men (8.56 µg/mL) (p <0.01). NT-proBNP and Adiponectin levels decreased in a stepwise fashion across categories of increasing BMI (p< 0.05, p< 0.001, respectively). The associations between obesity and NT-proBNP or adiponectin were evaluated with multivariable logistic regression models stratified by sex and adjusted for age, sex, and hypertension. Higher BMI was independently associated with lower NT-proBNP (p<0.05) and but not adiponectin (p>0.05). NT-proBNP level was correlated negatively with BMI and total body fat mass and positively adiponectin (p<0.05). Adiponectin concentration was correlated negatively with waist circumference, total body fat mass, triglyceride, hsCRP, fasting glucose, and insulin and correlated positively with high-density lipoprotein , NT-pro BNP in both sexes (p <0.001). There was strong relationship between NT-pro BNP and adiponectin level (p<0.001). Conclusions: In a large Korean population based cohort, both NT-pro BNP and adiponectin level are closely association with body fat mass and we confirm the strong association between NT-pro BNP level and adiponectin level.