Background: Atherosclerosis is well known cause of ischemic heart disease. However, there are a few data whether atherosclerotic risk factors affect adverse clinical outcomes after percutaenous coronary intervention (PCI) significantly. This study aims to verify the relationship between atherosclerotic risk factors and adverse clinical outcomes after PCI. Methods: 1828 patients were consecutively enrolled who was diagnosed as ischemic heart disease and underwent PCI from March 2003 to July 2006. All patients were evaluated according to hypertension, diabetes, smoking, age, low HDL cholesterol and BMI ��� 30kg/m2 and divided by total number of risk factors. 12 month clinical follow-up was done. Result: Major adverse cardiac events at 12 months were 6.8%. Lower ejection fraction, performed primary PCI, total number of implanted stents and bare metal stent implantation were independent predictor for adverse clinical outcomes after PCI. Atherosclerotic risk factors were associated with myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular accidents after PCI. Other data were in the following figure. Conclusions: Atherosclerotic risk factors affect the long-term clinical outcomes after PCI as well as development of ischemic heart disease. Therefore, sustained effort to correct risk factors should be needed.