Background: Although obesity is associated with arterial stiffening, the dynamic changes of arterial stiffness during exercise in overweight subjects have not been studied. We hypothesized that overweight would be associated with a dynamic arterial stiffening during exercise. Methods: The multistage (25 Watt, 3 minutes increments), symptom-limited, supine bicycle exercise testing was performed in 44 overweight women, defined as a body mass index (BMI) between 25 and 30 kg/m2, and 48 lean women (BMI < 25.0 kg/m2). Central arterial hemodynamics including central aortic pressure and augmentation index (AIx) were obtained at rest as well as at peak exercise using radial artery tonometry. Results: At rest, there were no significant differences in the augmentation pressure (lean vs. overweight; 18짹10 vs. 20짹8, p = 0.290), AIx (37.5짹11.7 vs. 38.2짹10.2 %, p = 0.754) and AIx normalized for heart rate 75/min (AIx@75; 32.5짹11.7 vs. 33.3짹9.3 %, p = 0.716) between 2 groups. Despite similar exercise duration, however, the augmentation pressure (10짹9 vs. 18짹12, p < 0.001), AIx (17.7짹14.5 vs. 27.7짹13.9 %, p = 0.001) and AIx@75 (28.4짹13.7 vs. 35.5짹9.3 %, p = 0.018) at peak exercise were significantly higher in the overweight women. In simple correlation analysis, BMI revealed significant correlations with augmentation pressure, AIx, and AIx @75 at peak exercise whereas no relationship was found with the resting parameters. Multiple regression analysis showed that BMI was an independent determinant of AIx at peak exercise (棺 = 0.21, p = 0.028). In aspects of left ventricular remodeling, overweight women showed a high prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy (40.9 vs. 14.6 %, p = 0.020) than lean subjects. Conclusion: Overweight is related with dynamic arterial stiffening during exercise and left ventricular remodeling in nondiabetic women.