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Acute Symptom Clusters and Associated Factors in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction
조선대학교 의과대학 간호학과1, 전남대병원 심장센터2
황선영1, 정명호2
Background: Although chest pain is the most typical symptom in patients having acute myocardial infarction (AMI), the symptoms are commonly accompanied by other radiating symptoms. Identifying symptom clusters for specific demographic groups would enable health care providers to target educational materials and assist the public in assessing their symptoms more clearly. However, the clusters of AMI symptoms have yet to be identified in Korea. Purpose This study was conducted to identify clusters of symptoms that represented in patients with first-time ST-elevation or Non-ST-elevation AMI and to examine demographic and clinical factors associated with those clusters. Methods: A total of 522 AMI patients (mean age 63.1±12.3) were interviewed individually using a structured questionnaire for acute and associated symptoms from March 2008 to March 2010 at a national university hospital. Data were analyzed using Latent Gold® software version 3.0 to determine class clusters, and then chi-square and t-tests were used utilizing SPSS program to identify the relationship between the cluster membership and variables. Results: Four distinct clusters of symptoms were identified, and age and gender were statistically significant in predicting cluster membership (p<0.001). Two clusters (38.9% and 25.9%) had a high probability of having chest pain and moderate probabilities of typical associated symptoms; they were younger and had many lifestyle risk factors. The patients in Cluster 3 (25.9%) had a moderate chest pain and the oldest among clusters. Cluster 4 (9.4%) had a low frequency of chest pain and moderate atypical associated symptoms; they were female dominant. The patients in Cluster 4 tended to have lower intensity of chest pain (5.1±3.3), higher frquency of prodromal symptoms, higher C-reactive protein (3.8±6.7), and longer total length of hospital stay(13.3 days±7.0) compared to those of other clusters (p<0.01). Conclusion: Identification of symptom clusters may be useful in assessing the clinical presentation of persons with atypical symptom and symptom clusters need to be communicated and educated to the public to assist them in assessing their symptoms more efficiently.


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