Background : Anemia has been shown to be an independent predictor of long-term outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of anemia on long-term clinical outcome of ���real-world��� patients reated by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using drug-eluting stents (DES). Methods : Clinical and outcome data on 2,849 patients who received DES implantation were prospectively collected between March 2006 and December 2009. Patients were classified as anemic status using the World Health Organization definition (<12.0 g/dL in women and <13.0 g/dL in men). We compared clinical outcomes of patients with anemia (n=679) vs, without anemia (n=2170). Result : Median follow-up duration was 2.2 years. When compared with non-anemic patients, anemic patients had higher 2-year all-cause mortality (5.0% versus 1.8%; p<0.001) and combined major cardiovascular event (MACE; all-cause death, myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis and cerebrovascular event; 6.5% versus 2.4%; p<0.001). After adjustment for baseline clinical and procedural characteristics, anemia showed an independent association with higher incidence of 2-year MACE (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.78, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.14–2.78, p=0.012), and also higher trend of long-term mortality (adjusted HR 1.52, 95% CI 0.90–2.56, p=0.12). Conclusion : Status of preprocedural anemia was associated with increased mid-term MACE and mortality after PCI using DES in real-world patients.