Background: Analysis of prognostic factors and their influence on long-term prognosis with regard to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is not well defined. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in-hospital and postdischarge outcomes of AMI patients surviving cardiac arrest.
Methods: Between February, 2008, and June, 2011, we retrospectively identified consecutive patients resuscitated from cardiac arrest and reviewed the outcomes of those who had AMI and registered in Korean Working Group on Myocardial Infarction (KorMI). In-hospital mortality and major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) at 12 month were assessed. For these, we divided the whole AMI patients (n=16,264) underwent percutaneous coronary intervention into two groups (Group I (n=15,906): those who did not have cardiac arrest, Group II (n=358): those who experience cardiac arrest).
Results: Cardiac arrest patients were at higher clinical risk at presentation (Killip class over IV 5.2% vs. 50.6%, p<0.001, systolic blood pressure 128.6±28.8 vs. 99.7±49.2 mmHg, p<0.001, left ventricular ejection fraction 52.4±12.1 vs. 47.2±13.4%, p<0.001, ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction 55.2 vs. 71.4%, p<0.001). Percutaneous coronary intervention was not successful in 1.4% of Group I and 3.1% of Group II (p<0.001). Cardiac arrest AMI patients had a tendency to less usage of medication such as aspirin, clopidogrel, angiotensin converting enzyme, or beta blockers etc. In-hospital mortality rate was higher in Group II (Group I 4.8% vs. Group II 24.9%, p<0.001) and survivors of Group II had more MACEs at 12 month (total MACEs 7.2% vs. 14.4%, p<0.012, total mortality 3.8% vs. 12.5%, p<0.001).
Conclusions: AMI patients who experience cardiac arrest had higher rate of worse clinical outcomes, not only in-hospital mortality but also MACEs at 12 month. To find the improving factors in AMI cardiac arrest patients, further investigation may be needed.
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