Background: Optimal medical therapy can lead to left ventricular (LV) reverse remodeling (LVRR) in non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NIDCM). The clinical variables associated with LVRR are poorly defined. We sought to determine the clinical predictors of LVRR and its prognostic role together with mid-term N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level in NIDCM. Methods and Results: We evaluated 331 consecutive hospitalized NIDCM patients from heart failure database of our institute. Clinical and echocardiographic data were available for 255 (77%) patients at mid-term follow-up (16짹7 months, range 5-27 months). Study subjects were followed thereafter with clinical endpoint of cardiovascular death, heart transplantation and hospitalization for heart failure with mean duration of 29짹22 months (range; 2-72 months). LVRR was noted in 98 (38%) of 255 patients at mid-term. Baseline predictors of LVRR were higher systolic blood pressure, QRS duration <120 msec, use of beta-blocker and small indexed LV end-systolic dimension. In landmark survival analysis after mid-term evaluation, LVRR (HR 0.16, 95%CI 0.07-0.40; p<0.001), log NT-proBNP measured at mid-term (HR 2.18, 95%CI 1.54-3.08; p<0.001) and continuous use of beta-blocker (HR 0.55, 95%CI 0.33-0.91; p=0.021) were independent predictors of long-term combined clinical events after mid-term evaluation. Conclusion: Monitoring of NIDCM patients with both cardiac imaging (LV structure) and neurohormonal status (NT-proBNP) at mid-term might be more helpful for estimation of long-term clinical prognosis of NIDCM Key word: Left ventricular reverse remodeling, non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy

Variable (n=258)	OR (95% CI)	p-value
Systolic BP, per 10-mmHg increase	1.24 (1.07-1.44)	0.004
Prolongation of QRS (>120ms)	0.31 (0.15-0.64)	0.001
Beta-blocker	2.36 (1.23-4.53)	0.010
Log NT-proBNP at baseline	1.15 (0.73-1.82)	0.539
LV ejection fraction	0.96 (0.91-1.00)	0.051
LVESD index	0.93(0.88-0.99)	0.034