Background & Objectives: The prevalence of high-risk pregnancy and the preterm birth rate has risen over the past 10 years. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy on preterm delivery and maternal-perinatal outcome.
Methods: We compared the outcome of pregnancy between the normotensive pregnancy (n=112) group and the hypertensive pregnancy (n=37) group in 149 patients who were diagnosed with preterm delivery (mean age 34.9±4.3 years; 0.6% chronic hypertension; 3.4% DM; 5.7% family history of hypertension; 45.4% primigravida; 31.6% twin pregnancy; 28.7% IVF(In Vitro Fertilization); delivery at 28.8±2.9 week; infant's birth weight 1118.6±264.7 gm)
Results: 37 patients (24.8%) were associated with hypertensive disorders including chronic hypertension (0.6%), gestational hypertension (3.4%), and preeclampsia-eclampsia (20.8%). There was no significant difference in family history of hypertension, primigravida, twin pregnancy and history of IVF between 2 groups. Compared with normotensive group, delivery time (31.3±2.3 vs 28.3±2.7 week, p<0.0001), DM (10.8% vs 1.8%, p=0.034), systolic & diastolic BP (140±16 vs 115±12, p<0.0001; 90±12 vs 73±9, p<0.0001) and heart rate at admission (82±12 vs 76±10, p<0.0001), the plasma level of hemoglobin (12.3±1.8 vs 10.8±1.6, p<0.0001), creatinine (0.83±0.35 vs 0.60±0.12, p<0.0001) and total cholesterol (282.8±48.8 vs 236.2±57.5, p<0.0001) were higher in hypertensive group. There was higher tendency in maternal age (36.0±4.0 vs 34.4±4.2, p=0.062) and infant’s birth weight (1203.2±249.9 vs 1110.5±268.6, p=0.066) in hypertensive group. There was no significant difference in maternal complication (0.9% vs 2.7%, p=0.436) and fetal mortality (10.7% vs 8.1%, p=0.763).
Conclusion: Hypertensive disorder of pregnancy is strongly associated with gestational DM in patients with preterm delivery and the results suggest that the positive association of hypertensive disorder with maternal age.
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