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Impact of Old Age on Clinical and Angiographic Characteristics of Coronary Artery Spasm as assessed by Acetylcholine Provocation test
건국대 충주병원 심장내과¹ , 고려대 구로병원 심장내과²
최웅길¹ , 나승운², 최병걸 ² ,김선원² 임성일², 한성우², 최철웅²
Background: Coronary artery spasm (CAS) is one of the important etiological factors for patients (pts) with chest pain but no coronary artery stenosis. Generally smoking and other factors were known the clinical risk factors for CAS. However, clinical aspects related to age on CAS have been seldom investigated and reported. We investigated whether there is any impact of old age on CAS and as compared with younger age by intracoronary acetylcholine (Ach) provocation test. Methods: A total 2954 consecutive pts without significant coronary artery lesion who underwent Ach provocation test by injecting incremental doses of 20, 50, 100 ug into the left coronary artery between March 2004 and April 2009 were enrolled. Significant CAS was defined as focal or diffuse severe transient luminal narrowing (>70%) with/without chest pain or ST-T change on ECG. the Ach provocation test results and its associated parameters were compared between the younger pt group (<50 years old, n=1044 pts, mean age; 41.13 ± 7.4 years) and older pt group (≥50 years old, n=1910 pts, mean age; 62.06 ± 7.44). Results: Baseline clinical characteristics were similar between the two groups except that more male (58.3% vs. 42.0%, p<0.001) and smoker (38.9% vs. 24.3%, p<0.001) in younger patients group whereas more diabetes mellitus (16.3% vs. 6.0%, p<0.001), dyslipidemia (21.3% vs. 13.1%, p<0.001) and hypertension (54.2% vs. 32.6%, p<0.001) in older patients group. The rate of positive Ach provocation test was higher in the older pts group. Further, older pts group showed higher incidence of diffuse and multi-vessel spasm (Table). Conclusion: In our study, we found that old age predisposes towards a higher chances of significant CAS, diffuse and multivessel spasm as assessed with the intracoronary Ach provocation test. Special care should be emphasized in older age pts present with vasospastic angina.

Variables, n (%)

Younger Patients

(n=1044 pts)

Older Patients

(n=1910 pts)

P-value

Positive Spasm

634 (60.7)

1356 (71.0)

<0.001

Focal Spasm(<10mm)

100 (9.6)

212 (11.1)

0.199

Diffuse Spasm(30mm)

427 (40.9)

998 (52.3)

<0.001

Single vessel Spasm

356 (34.1)

759 (39.7)

0.003

Multi vessel Spasm

171 (16.4)

451 (23.5)

<0.001

(+) response to Ach 20

33 (3.2)

76 (4.0)

0.260

Ach 50

154 (14.8)

450 (23.6)

<0.001

Ach 100

331 (31.7)

667 (34.9)

0.077

Baseline Spasm

276 (26.4)

554 (29.0)

0.138



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