Background In some patients with non-ischemic idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction improves spontaneously. The factors predicting recurrence of LV dysfunction in recovered idiopathic DCM are poorly defined. We investigated the echocardiographic and clinical factors affecting recurrence of LV dysfunction in recovered DCM. Methods We consecutively enrolled 85 patients (62 males, 57 짹 16 year-old) with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy who achieved a restoration of LV systolic function (ejection fraction (EF) ��� 45%). Patients were monitored for 50 짹 33 months after recovery from LV systolic dysfunction without discontinuation of anti-heart failure medication. Between two groups, there was no difference in medical therapy. During clinical follow-up, LV dysfunction recurred in 33 patients (23 males, 64 짹 12 year-old). In another 52 patients (39 males, 53 짹 16 year-old), LV systolic function was maintained. Between the groups, clinical and echocardiographic variables were compared by univariate analysis. Variables that significantly differed between 2 groups were entered in a logistic regression analysis to identify factors independently associated with recurrence of LV dysfunction in patients who recovered from LV dysfunction. Results Table shows the multiple logistic regression analysis of the clinical and echocardiographic predictors for recurrence of LV dysfunction in patients with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy. The age, presence of diabetes, LV dimension in end-diastole (LVEDD) and EF at initial presentation were significantly associated with recurrence of LV dysfunction. Conclusion The recurrence of LV dysfunction was significantly correlated with age, presence of diabetes, LVEDD and EF at initial presentation. Because of probability of recurrence, the clinicians might be needed to pay attention to recovered DCM with these factors.