Background: The relationship between the dynamic process of remodeling and plaque composition has not been explored. The aim of the present study was to investigate the difference of static and dynamic coronary artery remodeling and its relationship to plaque composition by using baseline and follow-up virtual histology (VH)-intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). Methods: 233 non-culprit untreated lesions of 99 patients were enrolled in this study. Baseline static remodeling (SR) was categorized as expansive (_SRE) if remodeling index (RI) was >1.05, incomplete (_SRI) if RI was between 0.95 and 1.05, and constrictive (_SRC) if RI was <0.95. Dynamic remodeling (DR) was defined as the difference of external elastic membrane (EEM) area between follow-up and baseline divided by the difference of plaque + media area between follow-up and baseline. A ratio >1 was considered as expansive (_DRE), 0 to 1.0 as incomplete (_DRI), and <0 as constrictive remodeling (_DRC) for plaques that had progression. Lesions were classified 5 subtypes based on plaque composition using previous definition; pathological intimal thickening, thin-capped fibroatheroma (TCFA), thick-capped fibroatheroma (ThCFA), fibrotic plaque, and fibrocalcific plaque. Results: SR pattern was associated with VH-plaque subtype (p=0.012). _SRE had frequent VH-TCFAs (p=0.009). Baseline necrotic core (NC) area was different among SR patterns (p=0.041). Baseline NC area (p=0.025) and %NC (p=0.035) were significantly larger in _SRE group compared to non _SRE group (_SRI+_SRC). However, DR pattern was not associated with VH-plaque subtype. EEM CSA significantly changed from baseline to follow-up only in VH-ThCFAs (p=0.038). The only difference of the change of plaque component was ∆dense calcium area (p=0.005) compared between _DRE and non _DRE (_DRI+_DRC). Conclusion: DR is not related to VH-plaque subtype or the change in necrotic core while SR is related with plaque vulnerability. VH-plaque subtype does predict the stability of a lesion independent of DR.