Purpose; The optimal antithrombotic strategy for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) undergoing drug-eluting stent implantation is unknown. The aim of our study is to compare the prognosis of different antithrombotic regimen. Methods and Results We retrospectively analyzed 188 patients with AF undergoing drug-eluting stent implantation. One hundred and sixty of the patients (85.1%) had one or more risk factors for stroke and 98 patients (52.1%) had a CHADS2 score of ��� 2. After coronary stenting, 71 patients (group I) continued triple antithrombotic therapy including aspirin, clopidogrel and warfarin; 112 patients (group II) discharged with dual or triple antiplatelet therapy. During a median of 38 (16-59) months follow-up, there were no significant difference in major adverse cardiac and cerebral events (MACCE, including death, myocardial infarction, target vessel revascularization, and stroke) (25.0% for group I vs. 33.0% for group II, P=0.259). In cox regression analysis, LV dysfunction (HR = 3.40;95% CI 1.65 to 7.04; p=0.001) and CHADS2 score (HR = 1.63;95% CI 1.07 to 2.49; p=0.02) were independent predictors of MACCE. The incidence of major bleeding was not different significantly (11.8% group I vs.10.7% for group II , P=0.817). Most of major bleeding events developed at therapeutic range of INR in group I. In cox regression analysis, chronic renal insufficiency was a independent predictor of major bleeding events (HR = 3.71;95% CI 1.22 to 11.23; p=0.02). Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated the group I was associated with the best net clinical outcome. Conclusions: Our study showed that the adding the warfarin to dual antiplatelet therapy was associated with better clinical outcome as compared with only dual or triple antiplatelet therapy in patient with AF undergoing the DES implantation. However, major bleeding was still big problem and further study is needed for reducing the bleeding event. Key words: • warfarin • dual antiplatelet • Drug-eluting stents • Atrial fibrillation