Background: Left ventricular hypertrophy is well described cardiovascular marker or surrogate for cardiovascular outcome. Many factors are known to be related to the left ventricular hypertrophy defined by echocardiography. But epidemiological study for Korean population is not enough to understand potential ethnic differences. Methods: 3259 subjects among 4067 subjects residing in a rural community of Yang-Pyung, Gyunggi Province were analyzed. The data gathered from 2004 to 2008 by a single cardiologist. Left ventricular mass index(LVMI) was measured by ASE-leading to leading edge method using off-line DICOM software, Infinity짰. The cut-off values for LVH were 124 g/m² for male, 112 g/m² for female, and 54 g/m^2.7 for both genders. Results : Age were 60.1 짹 11.86 years. Female was 61 %. Body mass index was 24.5 짹 3.3 kg/m². Systolic blood pressure(SBP) and diastolic blood pressure(DBP) were 124.2 짹 17.2 / 77.9 짹 11.6 mmHg. LVMIs were 96.4 짹 22.7 g/m² and 45.8 짹 11.9 g/m^2.7. Prevalence of LVH were 12.1 % in male and 18.7 % in female by g/m2 and 16.2 % in male and 24.1 % by g/m^2.7. In multiple linear regression analysis for LVMI(g/m^2.7), age, BMI, and SBP were positively associated factors and pulse rate were negatively associated factor for both gender. Creatinine was negatively associated only in male. For LVMI(g/m²), waist circumference(WC) instead of BMI was related in male and both WC and BMI were positively related. Conclusions : The factors related to LVMI is similar to other population studies except that WC association is better demonstrated in LVMI(g/m²) and that pulse rate relation needs consideration.